12 17, 2006
第40回:「CAS凍結装置」
遠洋マグロを近海ものなみの味を保ったまま海上輸送できる画期的な冷凍保存システムが開発されたと思ったら、こんどは国際資源管理機関が欧州やアジアでのマグロ漁獲枠を削減するというのはなんとも皮肉なことです。
【課題文】
築地を沸かす凍結装置
昨年秋、東京の築地市場でその事件は起こった。1隻のマグロ船が運んできたメバチマグロに仲買人たちの目がくぎ付けになった。しだいに怒声を帯びるセリ。落札価格は1㌔1万1000円と、8000円の過去最高値を大幅に更新し、関係者の度肝を抜いた。
最高値の謎を解くカギは、このマグロ船の内部にある。電磁場凍結システム(CAS)という一風変わった装置が搭載されていたのだ。
研究室には大型の冷蔵装置がずらり。磁石を載せた手を装置内部へ忍ばせる。スイッチオンと同時に吹きつける冷風。すぐに手の震えが止らなくなるが、その原因は冷たさではない。何か見えざる力に揺らされている感覚だ。
従来の急速冷凍ではマイナス数十度の冷風で素材を凍らせる。その場合、素材の表面は極端に冷やされるが、内部は凍結までに時間がかかる。水分が表面へ吸い寄せられるため、内部は乾燥状態に。一方、表面は氷によって、組織細胞が壊され、いわゆるドリップがあふれる。
CASでは、素材を磁場が及ぶ環境に置いて、微弱なエネルギーを与える。素材は適度に揺らされ、その水分が表面へ集まることがない。素材全体を均一な力によって、一気に凍結状態に変えることができる。
CASで凍結した場合、素材の保存期間は2~3年にもなる。凍結しても細胞組織が破壊されないため、解凍後も凍結前と同じ鮮度や風味が保たれるという。CASで凍結されたマグロが、空前の高値をつけたのは、その道のプロが太鼓判を押したということなのだろう。
生クリームの長期保存から出発した技術は、食品や医療の世界で旋風を巻き起こす力を蓄えてきた。
週刊東洋経済 「ニッポン再発見」
[テキスト1]
築地を沸かす凍結装置
昨年秋、東京の築地市場でその事件は起こった。1隻のマグロ船が運んできたメバチマグロに仲買人たちの目がくぎ付けになった。しだいに怒声を帯びるセリ。落札価格は1㌔1万1000円と、8000円の過去最高値を大幅に更新し、関係者の度肝を抜いた。
最高値の謎を解くカギは、このマグロ船の内部にある。電磁場凍結システム(CAS)という一風変わった装置が搭載されていたのだ。
[訳例1]
Last autumn at Tokyo’s Tsukiji fish market, something unusual happened. Buyers on the floor couldn’t keep their eyes off a tuna trawler returning with its haul of bigeye tuna. Hushed whispers in the market gradually turned into a roaring cacophony of heated voices and frenzied bidding. The winning bid - Y11,000 for one kilo of bigeye tuna, completely rewriting the record books by (2) shattering the previous high bid of Y8,000, (3) flooring every buyer, auctioneer, fisherman and anyone else (4) involved with the legendary fish market.
The answer to the riddle of this unusually high bid lies within the bowels of the vessel for on board is a freezing unit unlike any other. Known as CAS (cells-alive system), it is revolutionizing food storage as we know it.
(1) Deep と Device とのalliteration による pun、freeze と Heats の contrast に工夫。
(2) 記録やガラスが破れる場合、break ではなく shatter を使うのがこの翻訳者の特徴。
(3) 「度肝を抜いた」だけなのに、floor と床に叩きつけるのもこの翻訳者の特徴。
(4) 「関係者」には、involved in … より involved with …。
[訳例2]
Last autumn, there was a record-making (1) bidding at Tsukiji fish market, the largest wholesale market in Japan. A bigeye tuna unloaded from a tuna fishing (2) vessel attracted the attention of wholesalers. Bidding got hot until the tuna sold for Y11,000 a kilo, marking an all-time high record that far exceeded the former record of Y8,000.
What boosted the price was a unique unit equipped on the fishing vessel. The unit, named “Cells Alive System (CAS)”, is capable of freezing (3) tunas with the aid of electromagnetic fields.
- bid
- I’m glad you opted for “vessel” rather than simply calling it a “boat” or “ship”.
- While we are talking exclusively about tuna in this article, your sentence makes it sound as if CAS sole application is for tuna, when of course it can be used for many kinds of food.
[訳例3]
(1) MUDDY WASH FOR CLEAN, DOWNY
LAUNDRY
New Freezing System for Tsukiji Market
It happened in the wee hours of one morning last fall at Tsukiji fish market located in the heart of Tokyo. The wholesale dealers’ eyes were fastened on a big eye tuna just delivered by a longliner fishing boat. Then, as soon as the auctioneer opened his mouth, the attending buyers were all shouting and yelling in their excitement to bid up their prices for the frozen fish. Eventually to everyone’s surprise, the closing bid was 11,000 yen/kg, an all time high easily topping the last record high of 8,000 yen/kg. (2)
The astounding bid price for the big eye was, of course, not without reason. The longliner was outfitted with a fridge stocker that uses a (3) unique quick-freezing system called CAS (Cell Alive System) (4) newly developed based on electromagnetic technology.
- Great title!
- I love your opening sentence.
- newly developed を挿入。
- 削除。
[訳例4]
Magnetic Field Attracts Tsukiji Market
CAS Guarantees Longer Shelf Life
A noteworthy event took place last autumn at the Tsukiji Market in Tokyo, when wholesale fish dealers’ attention was fully riveted on bigeye tunas caught and brought by a tuna fishing vessel. The subsequent bidding heated up with the dealers’ yelling and roaring. To (1) astonishment of (2) people concerned, the contract price reached a new high of 11,000 yen per kilo gram, which surpassed the prior all-time high of 8,000 yen.
A clue to the highest bidding price is hidden inside the tuna fishing vessel. The vessel comes equipped with a (3) bizarre system called Cells Alive System (CAS) that uses a rotating electrical field during the freezing process.
- theを挿入する。
- 「関係者」を文字通り訳さないで具体的に書く。
- bizarre という言葉は機械に対して使わない。風変わりな機械を表すには other-worldly などが使える。
○ マグロ船
tuna fishing vessel を用いれば tuna longliner(延縄漁船)や tuna trawler(曳き網船)をまとめて表現できる。
○ 仲買人
魚河岸の仲買人は buyer でよい。
● 1隻のマグロ船が運んできたメバチマグロ
訳例3だけがマグロを一匹としている。テキストの「仲買人たちの目がくぎ付け」という表現で衆目が特定のマグロ一匹を凝視しているような感じを受けたようだ。本当は漁船一隻分の漁獲、つまり
haul が市場のフロアの、おそらくは簀の子のようなものの上に何匹も並べられているわけだ。
魚を獲って積んで運ぶ順に catch、load、haul がそれぞれの段階での漁獲量となる。
[テキスト2]
研究室には大型の冷蔵装置がずらり。磁石を載せた手を装置内部へ忍ばせる。スイッチオンと同時に吹きつける冷風。すぐに手の震えが止らなくなるが、その原因は冷たさではない。何か見えざる力に揺らされている感覚だ。
従来の急速冷凍ではマイナス数十度の冷風で素材を凍らせる。その場合、素材の表面は極端に冷やされるが、内部は凍結までに時間がかかる。水分が表面へ吸い寄せられるため、内部は乾燥状態に。一方、表面は氷によって、組織細胞が壊され、いわゆるドリップがあふれる。
[訳例1]
“Place your hand in here,” says Norio Owada, president of Abi Inc., with a mysterious smile on his face. Inside Mr. Owada’s research facility is an array of freezing units. My hand is concealed inside the device as I place it over the magnet. A gust of chilled air spews forth as the machine is switched on. Within seconds, my hands are shivering uncontrollably, but it’s not from the cold. It’s as if some unseen force is pulsing and shaking through me..
Conventional quick-freezing freezes (1) foods with chilled air several dozen degrees below zero. In this method, the outer surface of the food is thoroughly frozen, but freezing the inside is a time consuming process. As moisture is drawn to the surface, the inside is left dry while ice crystals cluster on the outer surface, destroying cell tissue and leading to what is known as capillary action where juices drip from the thawing food.
(1) food は不可算のはずだが、Kraft Foods (General Foods) という有名な会社がある。
[訳例2]
Inside his laboratory, there were huge freezers lined up. I hesitantly inserted my hand, (1) holding a magnet, into the unit. When Owada switched on the unit, cold air began to blow on my hand. Soon, my hand trembled, but that was not because of coldness. I felt as if something made my hand vibrate. (2).
Current freezing (3) method blows cold air at a temperature of -40 to -50 degrees Celsius toward a (4) material to be frozen. With this method, (5) surface of the material is extremely cooled down; however, it takes time until inner part of the material is frozen. This makes the inside dry because moisture in the material gathers near the surface, while the moisture damages cell tissue, causing (6) dips.
- hold だと「つかむ/握る」感じになる。原文の「磁石を載せた手」とは違うかも。[訳者註]
- Really good work here. The pacing and rhythm of your sentences help build the drama.
- methods blow
- Opting to use "material" for 素材 really takes something away from the translation. We lose the sense of the freshness, flavor and texture of delicious tuna, or any other food for that matter, when the bland "material" is used in its place.
- the material’s surface
- dripping
I think you can polish this paragraph. Probably the most challenging part of this translation was trying to understand the ドリップがあふれる. At the very least, we would have liquid “dripping”, not “dipping”. This may have just been a typo on your part.
CASは食品だけでなく医療用にも使われるので、ここでは食品を含むあらゆる「素材」を指す語を入れたかった。セッションでの議論では material、stuff、matter など候補はいろいろ出たがいずれも不適当であり、食品を含むあらゆる「素材」を指す語は見つかっていない。やはりこのパラグラフでは tuna などの一例に特化して説明し、医療用などの別の用途例は後で別途説明するしかないのかも。[訳者註]
[訳例3]
Receiving me in his company’s laboratory, Mr. Owada said, “Why don’t you have a feel with your hand?” He was wearing a smile somehow cryptic to me for some reason. Large freezers were sitting side by side on the lab floor. I let my hand sneak inside one of them, holding a magnet in the palm. Right after turning on the power, cold wind gushed out to blow against my hand, which immediately began shivering with convulsions. It was as if (1) wagged by some strange energy; the chill wind never seemed to be the cause. (2)
Conventional quick-freezing technology uses blasts of cold air at temperatures several (3) tens of degrees below the freezing point. Though the surface of perishables such as fish or meat is frozen instantly, it takes time for low temperature transmission to complete the freezing process all the way down to the innermost part. Before being frozen solid, the core portion is dehydrated due to frozen layers formed on the outer surface accumulating water existing in the fish or meat. Also, ice crystals grow during the prolonged period of freezing time, which damages the cellular structure to cause “dripping” ? the effusion of juice occurring when frozen perishables thaw.
- I was 挿入。
- I’m glad you used the first person “I” in this paragraph; many others did not and it hurt the drama and tone of their translation. On a different note, I normally don’t see “wagged” used in this way. A dog wagging its tail or wagging your finger at someone, yes, but used as a force felt through your body doesn’t seem natural.
- This was tricky. There’s no clean way to translate 数十度 in English but we can come close. Others in the class also tried “several tens of degrees” but it’s awkward. While not perfect, “dozens” of degrees would work better. A dozen is 12 so dozens would be at least 24, thus coming within the range of 数十度.
♪ How much is that doggie in the window? The one with the waggly tail…♪
[訳例4]
There is an array of large freezing systems in the laboratory. When (1) you slowly insert your hand with a magnet on it, you’ll find a cold wind start blowing at your hand right after the system goes on. You can’t stop your hand from shaking. It is not because of coldness. You feel your hand is being shaken by an invisible agent.
In the traditional quick freezing process, cold air at dozens of degrees below zero is used to freeze food products. The cold air quickly and extremely cools the food surface but it takes time to freeze the inside of the food. As a result of the unequal interior/exterior temperatures, there is a capillary action on liquids in the food, which draws water to the cold food surface and makes the inside dry. The cold surface has its food cell walls damaged by ice that builds up within and juice from the food will drip when thawed.
- この場合は you より I を主語にした方が臨場感が出るのでは? 誰を主語にするかを決めるのは日英翻訳の難しいところ。
○ 装置
A number of devices make up equipment.
したがって、冷蔵装置は device より equipment がよいだろう。
○ 素材
この短いテキストに「素材」が6回も出てくる。これにそのまま material、object、stuff、product
などで対応できない。食材は (cooking) ingredient であり、たとえば冷凍の対象ということで object を使うと曖昧で何だかわからず、その上に食品として肝心な新鮮さが伝わらない。
「木曽路」という上場会社が「素材屋」という飲み屋を展開しているが、食材と素材を一緒にするところに cultural gap があるらしい。
○ ドリップがあふれる
ドリップは、dripping または動詞で juices drip としたほうがよい。drip には someone
stupid という意味もある。
[テキスト3]
CASでは、素材を磁場が及ぶ環境に置いて、微弱なエネルギーを与える。素材は適度に揺らされ、その水分が表面へ集まることがない。素材全体を均一な力によって、一気に凍結状態に変えることができる。
生クリームの長期保存から出発した技術は、食品や医療の世界で旋風を巻き起こす力を蓄えてきた。
[訳例1]
With CAS, fish, for example, is placed inside a magnetic field and pulsed with a faint dose of magnetic waves. Vibrating slightly, CAS doesn’t allow moisture to be drawn to the tissue surface, thus evenly freezing the food throughout at once.
Food given the deep freeze under CAS can keep ingredients fresh for up to two or three years, keeping the cell tissue intact even when frozen. Even after thawing, the food’s flavor and freshness remain exactly as before. The unprecedented high price tag for CAS-frozen tuna is surely a stamp of approval from pro evaluators.
What started as technology for preserving cream has now taken the food and medical world by storm.
[訳例2]
CAS uses magnetism. First, put a material in a certain electromagnetic field in the CAS unit, and apply (1) faint energy (2) on it. The magnetic force adequately vibrates the material so that moisture inside does not gather near the surface. The whole material instantly freezes at a uniform force.
If a material is frozen with CAS, the material will have a shelf life of 2 to 3 years. Cell tissue is not damaged at the time of freezing, so the material keeps (3) same freshness and flavor (4) as they were before the freezing. The fact that the CAS-frozen tuna recorded (5) all-time high price means that veteran wholesalers vouched for the quality.
The technology originally invented for preserving fresh cream for (6) longer period than ever is now considered promising in the food and medical industries.
- a を入れる。
- upon
- the を入れる。
- prior to
- an を入れる。
- longer periods
[訳例3]
When freezing food products or ingredients, CAS applies a small amount of energy to the (1) object placed under a magnetic field. In this way, the (1) object’s molecules are kept agitated during the freezing process, thereby preventing water from clustering to form frozen layers on the outer surface. The result is uniform and instantaneous freezing of the foodstuff. (2)
CAS frozen food products or ingredients can be stored for long periods without deterioration because their cellular structure is not damaged. Their original flavor, texture and taste are retained when defrosted after two to three years of frozen storage. The effectiveness of CAS may well have been evidenced by that lucky tuna winning the sky-high bidding as hard proof of a golden seal of approval given by those pros in the fish business.
Technology originally developed as a way of long-term dairy cream preservation now has good potential to dominate in the future world of food processing and medical services as well.
- No doubt 素材 can cause fits when trying to find a suitable English word. The question here is “What is the context?” “Object” is just too vague. More importantly, this article talks about CAS being used primarily in the food industry. So, when we’re talking about electro-magnetic fields and quick-freezing and pulsations and all this other amazing technology, it’s even more incredible when we realize it’s being used on something as delicate as food. If we use “object”, we lose the sense of how all this high-tech is being applied to something so fragile and short-lived as food freshness, taste, color and texture. While CAS is not limited to food only, I think this article presents a situation where we can safely and very loosely translate 素材 as “food” or even “fish” since tuna is the fish in question. In fact, you open the first sentence of this paragraph with “food products or ingredients” so it would have been better to substitute either of those words for object.
- Excellent work here.
[訳例4]
CAS freezing involves placing food in magnetic fields and applying a faint energy to it. The magnetic fields moderately oscillate the food so that water does not cluster toward the food surface. The energy evenly applied throughout the food allows quick freezing.
CAS ensures (1) the products’ shelf life of two to three years. Since CAS freezing process does not damage cell walls, CAS-frozen products, when defrosted, retain freshness and flavor of raw food. The record-breaking bidding price may prove that the quality of CAS-frozen tuna is endorsed by the (2) hard-bitten fish dealers, or the professionals in the field.
The technology, developed initially for long-term storage of fresh cream, has built up the potential to make a splash in the food and medical world.
- a product shelf life of…
- hard-bitten はあまり使われない。hardened、steely、hard-to-impress などがよい。
○ 素材は適度に揺らされ
slightly(軽く)、adequately(一応十分)、moderately(ほどほどに)など。
「適度に」というのが capillary action を cancel する程度に揺らせるということであれば、たとえば so that
を使った構文もある。
○ プロが太鼓判
Pros swear by its quality.
Pros turn thumbs up on the system.
投稿者 jetrans : 2006年12月17日 00:22
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